Sweden and Finland have both abandoned the principle of neutrality with their bids to join NATO, but the political and economic costs of full membership are far greater for Sweden.
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After applying for membership last year in 2022, Finland has now entered NATO, posing questions for the future of Nordic-Western alliances and the relationship’s potential consequences during international conflicts, such as the Ukraine War. Since 1944, the country’s eastern border with Russia is the second-longest border that Russia has with any country.
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